Selected application domains and associated networked applications
Finance and commerce – The growth of eCommerce as exemplified by companies such as Amazon and eBay, and underlying payments technologies such as PayPal; the associated emergence of online banking and trading and also complex information dissemination systems for financial markets.
The information society – The growth of the World Wide Web as a repository of information and knowledge; the development of web search engines such as Google and Yahoo to search this vast repository; the emergence of digital libraries and the large-scale digitization of legacy information sources such as books (for example, Google Books); the increasing the significance of user-generated content through sites such as YouTube, Wikipedia and Flickr; the emergence of social networking through services such as Facebook and MySpace.
Creative industries and entertainment – The emergence of online gaming as a novel and highly interactive form of entertainment; the availability of music and film in the home through networked media centers and more widely on the Internet via downloadable or streaming content; the role of user-generated content (as mentioned above) as a new form of creativity, for example via services such as YouTube; the creation of new forms of art and entertainment enabled by emergent (including networked) technologies.
Healthcare – The growth of health informatics as a discipline with its emphasis on online electronic patient records and related issues of privacy; the increasing role of telemedicine in supporting the remote diagnosis or more advanced services such as remote surgery (including collaborative working with healthcare teams); the increasing application of networking and embedded systems technology in assisted living, for example for monitoring the elderly in their own homes.
Education – The emergence of e-learning through for example web-based tools such as virtual learning environments; associated support for distance learning; support for collaborative or community-based learning.
Transport and logistics – The use of location technologies such as GPS in route finding systems and more general traffic management systems; the modern car itself as an example of a complex distributed system (also applies to other forms of transport such as aircraft); the development of web-based map services such as MapQuest, Google Maps, and Google Earth.Science The emergence of the Grid as a fundamental technology for eScience, including the use of complex networks of computers to support the storage, analysis, and processing of (often very large quantities of) scientific data; the associated use of the Grid as an enabling technology for worldwide collaboration between groups of scientists.
Environmental management - The use of (networked) sensor technology to both monitor and manage the natural environment, for example, to provide early warning of natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods or tsunamis and to coordinate an emergency response; the collation and analysis of global environmental parameters to better understand complex natural phenomena such as climate change.
Frequently Asked Questions
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