We have already seen Linked List in earlier chapter in whihc it is possible only to travle forward. In this chapter we see another type of linked list in which it is possible to travle both forward and backward. Such a linked list is called Doubly Linked List. Following is the features of doubly linked list.
Doubly Linked List contains a link element called first and last.
Each link carries a data field(s) and two link fields called next and prev.
Each link is linked with its next link using its next link.
Each link is linked with its previous link using its previous link.
The last link carries a link as null to mark the end of the list.
Creating Doubly linked list
We create a Doubly Linked list by using the Node class. Now we use the same approach as used in the Singly Linked List but the head and next pointers will be used for proper assignation to create two links in each of the nodes in addition to the data present in the node.
class Node:
def __init__(self, data):
self.data = data
self.next = None
self.prev = None
class doubly_linked_list:
def __init__(self):
self.head = None
# Adding data elements
def push(self, NewVal):
NewNode = Node(NewVal)
NewNode.next = self.head
if self.head is not None:
self.head.prev = NewNode
self.head = NewNode
# Print the Doubly Linked list
def listprint(self, node):
while (node is not None):
print(node.data),
last = node
node = node.next
dllist = doubly_linked_list()
dllist.push(12)
dllist.push(8)
dllist.push(62)
dllist.listprint(dllist.head)
When the above code is executed, it produces the following result −
62 8 12
Inserting into Doubly Linked List
here we are going to see how to insert a node to the Doubly Link List using the following program. The program uses a menthod named insert which inserts the new node at the third position from the head of the doubly linked list.
# Create the Node class
class Node:
def __init__(self, data):
self.data = data
self.next = None
self.prev = None
# Create the doubly linked list
class doubly_linked_list:
def __init__(self):
self.head = None
# Define the push method to add elements
def push(self, NewVal):
NewNode = Node(NewVal)
NewNode.next = self.head
if self.head is not None:
self.head.prev = NewNode
self.head = NewNode
# Define the insert method to insert the element
def insert(self, prev_node, NewVal):
if prev_node is None:
return
NewNode = Node(NewVal)
NewNode.next = prev_node.next
prev_node.next = NewNode
NewNode.prev = prev_node
if NewNode.next is not None:
NewNode.next.prev = NewNode
# Define the method to print the linked list
def listprint(self, node):
while (node is not None):
print(node.data),
last = node
node = node.next
dllist = doubly_linked_list()
dllist.push(12)
dllist.push(8)
dllist.push(62)
dllist.insert(dllist.head.next, 13)
dllist.listprint(dllist.head)
When the above code is executed, it produces the following result −
62 8 13 12
Appending to a Doubly linked list
Appending to a doubly linked list will add the element at the end.
# Create the node class
class Node:
def __init__(self, data):
self.data = data
self.next = None
self.prev = None
# Create the doubly linked list class
class doubly_linked_list:
def __init__(self):
self.head = None
# Define the push method to add elements at the begining
def push(self, NewVal):
NewNode = Node(NewVal)
NewNode.next = self.head
if self.head is not None:
self.head.prev = NewNode
self.head = NewNode
# Define the append method to add elements at the end
def append(self, NewVal):
NewNode = Node(NewVal)
NewNode.next = None
if self.head is None:
NewNode.prev = None
self.head = NewNode
return
last = self.head
while (last.next is not None):
last = last.next
last.next = NewNode
NewNode.prev = last
return
# Define the method to print
def listprint(self, node):
while (node is not None):
print(node.data),
last = node
node = node.next
dllist = doubly_linked_list()
dllist.push(12)
dllist.append(9)
dllist.push(8)
dllist.push(62)
dllist.append(45)
dllist.listprint(dllist.head)
When the above code is executed, it produces the following result −
62 8 12 9 45
Please note the position of the elements 9 and 45 for the append operation.
Frequently Asked Questions
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Ans: Python Data Structure Introduction - Learn Python Data Structure in simple and easy steps starting from basic to advanced concepts with examples including Introduction, Environment, Arrays, Lists, Tuples, Dictionary, 2-D Array, Matrix, Sets, Maps, Linked Lists, Stack, Queue, Dequeue, Advanced Linked list, Hash Table, Binary Tree, Search Tree, Heaps, Graphs, Algorithm Design, Divide and conquer, Recursion, backtracking, Tree Traversal, Sorting, Searching, Graph Algorithms, Algorithm Analysis, Big-O Notation, Algorithim classes, Amortized analysis, Algorithm Justifications. view more..
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Ans: Python Data Structure Introduction - Learn Python Data Structure in simple and easy steps starting from basic to advanced concepts with examples including Introduction, Environment, Arrays, Lists, Tuples, Dictionary, 2-D Array, Matrix, Sets, Maps, Linked Lists, Stack, Queue, Dequeue, Advanced Linked list, Hash Table, Binary Tree, Search Tree, Heaps, Graphs, Algorithm Design, Divide and conquer, Recursion, backtracking, Tree Traversal, Sorting, Searching, Graph Algorithms, Algorithm Analysis, Big-O Notation, Algorithim classes, Amortized analysis, Algorithm Justifications. view more..