Syllabus of Microwaves and RADAR (IC) in BE/Btech (Electronics and Communication Engineering)

Microwaves and RADAR (IC)

Microwave engineering is the branch of electrical engineering that deals with the transmission, control, detection, and generation of radio waves whose wavelength is short compared to the physical dimensions of the system. Wavelengths less than 30 cm (corresponding to frequencies in excess of 109 Hz), but greater than 0.03 mm (1013 Hz) are considered microwaves. Millimeter waves are a subset of microwaves in the 10-0.03 mm,range. Microwaves are bounded on the long wavelength side by radio waves and on the short wavelength side by infrared waves. The relationship between wavelength and frequency is

fλ = c = 3 x 108 m/s (1.1)

where frequency λ is in units of Hertz, wavelength X is in meters, and c is the speed of light. This relation applies in a vacuum (free space); in a dielectric medium, the wavelength X is shortened. Unless specified otherwise, the relation between frequency and wavelength assumes a free space condition.

RADAR is an electromagnetic system which is used for sensing, detecting and locating the objects present in the ambience. RADAR stands for Radio Detection and Ranging. For the fi rst time, in the year 1940 US Navy coined the term RADAR. This system operated by transmitting an electromagnetic wave and detecting the refl ected signal. Earlier, the RADARwas mainly developed for detecting the existence of a target for measuring its range, so addressed as RADAR. During the Second World War, it was fi rst used to notify the approach of hostile aircraft and for routing antiaircraft weapons. The modern RADAR system can be used to extract much more information from the refl ected signal and got broader applications but still the range detection is one of its important functions. Till now, there is no electronic system which can replace the RADAR for its accuracy and effi ciency in sensing and detection.

SYLLABUS OF MICROWAVES AND RADAR (IC)

Module – I
1. Microwave Transmission Lines: Introduction, Transmission Lines, Equations and Solutions, Reflection and Transmission Coefficients, Standing Waves and SWR, Smith Chart, Impedance matching using Single Stubs, Microwave coaxial connectors and Adapters. 2.  Microwave Waveguides and Components: Rectangular waveguides, Circular Waveguides, Directional Couplers, Circulators and Isolators, Reflex Klystrons.
Module – II
1. Microwave Diodes: Transfer electron devices: Introduction, GUNN effect diodesGaAs diode, RWH theory, Modes of Operation, Avalanche transit time devices: READ diode, IMPATT diode, parametric amplifiers, and other diodes: PIN diodes.
Module – III
1. Microwave Network Theory and Passive Devices: Symmetrical Z and Y parameters for reciprocal networks, S matrix representation of Multi port networks, Phase shifters, Attenuators, Waveguide Tees, Magic Tees.
Module – IV
1.Strip Lines: Introduction, Micro strip lines, Parallel strip lines, coplanar strip lines, shielded strip lines.
Module – V
1. An Introduction to Radar: Basic Radar, The simple form of the Radar equation, Radar block diagram, radar frequencies, applications and origins of Radar. 2.  MTI and Pulse Doppler Radar: Introduction to Doppler and MTI Radar, Delay line Cancellers, digital MTI processing, Moving Target Detector, pulse Doppler Radar.

Colleges Offering Same Syllabus :

  1. NAGARJUNA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY - [NCET], BANGLORE KARNATAKA
  2. INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY - [IET], ALWAR
  3. LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY - [LPU], JALANDHAR
  4. CHANDIGARH UNIVERSITY - [CU], CHANDIGARH
  5. MANIPAL UNIVERSITY - [MU], MANIPAL
  6. SIKKIM MANIPAL UNIVERSITY - [SMU], EAST SIKKIM

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