LINKER
Most of the high-level languages provide libraries of subroutines or functions so that certain common operations may be reused by system-supplied routines without explicit coding. Hence, the machine language program produced by the translator must normally be combined with other machine language programs residing within the library to form a useful execution unit. This process of program combination is called linking and the software that performs this operation is variously known as a linker. The features of a programming language influence the linking requirements of a program. In languages like FORTRAN, COBOL, C, all program units are translated separately. Hence, all subprogram calls and common variable references require linking. Linking makes the addresses of programs known to each other so that transfer of control from one subprogram to another or a main program takes place during execution.
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